Friday Five

1.

An exercise Since watching this video, more than a year ago, I still do this exercise, pausing a moment in the hallway while talking to Christian or boiling water for tea, to sit on the floor and put my elbows against the wall. It's short, and my back feels massaged after doing it.

https://vm.tiktok.com/ZMYA9TpRx/

2.

Comptometers My mother-in-law in her youth left school to take a job at Eaton's and help her mother by earning an income after her father's death at age 43. She would have worked at the department store in the early 50s, and she will often recall how she was trained to use a Comptometer to track inventory in large ledger books. A little while ago I finally googled the term and discovered that it is something like the grandfather of the calculator. From the youtube videos on the subject, it looks complicated to use. (This video presents the various models of comptometer from 1904 to 1950.) This snippet of information brings to the fore an object that represents how something was done not even a century ago, when people like my grandma would have thought the world was modern. It’s a detail, but it’s precisely the granularity of such a detail that thrills me and has become one of my favourite ways to criticize historical television series!

3.

Reading I really appreciate the Libby app... browsing biography this week I came across Jennie's Boy by Wayne Johnston and have been listening so much I drain the airpods of their battery life. 

4.

Recipe It is common to find pea soup on the menu at food venues at Festival du voyageur. This past Sunday I made our favourite version yet from Anita Stewart's Canada. CBC offers the recipe on their website. 

5.

Matter Wowed by this image of the Milky Way, it's hard not to consider how iota-like life can seem. It made me laugh when I noticed this sign along a walk, put there by some well-meaning person...

Matter has many meanings... it's 18th in the OED is "the substance, or the substances collectively, of which something consists; constituent material, esp. of a particular kind." And so, poetically, one could read the sign and recognize that unlike the importance it is meant to confer on the reader, it is a statement, that like anything, you too are a bit of dust in a galaxy of stars. Perhaps the only difference is love. I wouldn't put it so lightly had a friend not plugged in her stereo, unfolded the cd case of collected songs by Yves Duteil and made me listen to "Le bûcheron." (Here Yves Duteil sings it; here, someone else sings it more slowly and the lyrics are in the description.) Wayne Johnston ends his memoir with this final sentence: “I have come to believe that unlike my childhood illnesses, life is not idiopathic. It has a discoverable cause and whatever its duration, many purposes.” Yves Duteil ends his song with this refrain:

Je n'étais qu'un maillon dans cette chaîne immense
Et ma vie n'est qu'un point perdu sur l'horizon
Mais il fallait l'amour de toute une existence
Pour qu'un arbre qui meurt devienne une chanson.

Happy Friday!

Friday Five

Serving up the usual: reading, eating, looking!

1.

Virginia Woolf’s Diaries: I plug away at a thesis chapter, editing, adding 500 words like little historical dispatches while braving daily life of meals, appointments, sick days from school (and  gingerale refills), trips to Costco, lunch dates and Valentine dates. The blog is for fun and silliness, just as Virginia Woolf would have recommended it. She writes:

My notion is that there are offices to be discharged by talent for the relief of genius: meaning that one has the play side; the gift when it is mere gift, unapplied gift; and the gift when it is serious, going to business. And one relieves the other. (From her diary entry October 27th, 1928).

2.

A memoir: For  my thesis, I've been re-reading Telesphore Robert's On va passer l'hiver. He writes stories from his childhood in the years following his father's untimely death from a car accident. He was only four at the time, but he recalls scenes from the vigil, his mother's determination to survive on the prairie with a family of eight children, and the scrapes he got into as a school boy. It offers a glimpse of life in the 1920s on a farm and casting aside the sometimes strident anti-clerical, anti-government opinions, it's an entertaining read, with scenes I relayed to the kids at supper time. As a reader, one gets the sense that Telesphore admires his mother... still, life back then was rough. When she married her husband, she spent two years living with his family, her mother-in-law insisting she learn how to live on the prairie. 

Cela a été utile, voire indispensable à ma mère, elle qui avait été élevée dans la ouate chez ses parents, grand-père et grand-mère Campeau, qui avaient un magasin général à St-Norbert, et qui avaient des sous au point de faire instruire leur aînée pour en faire une soeur enseignante et une pianiste. Mais dans ce temps-là, comme aujourd'hui, le rêve des parents ne se réalisait pas toujours.

C'est ainsi que maman, dont les mains ne connaissaient que le chapelet, le piano et les fleurs, s'est vue obligée de se durcir, et les mains et le coeur. Sans quoi, on se faisait des ampoules et des blessures qui nous obligeaient à nous arrêter, chose qu'on ne pouvait se permettre, la ferme commandant inlassablement. (p 113-4)

Nous étions tous foncièrement convaincus qu'elle aurait donné sa vie pour nous, n'importe quand. Ça, c'est l'amour absolu. Mais enfants, nous ne pouvions arriver à cette conclusion et, lorsqu'en quête d'une caresse, d'une manifestation affective quelconque, nous essuyions une rebuffade, nous ne pouvions savoir que c'était par peur de ramollir, par frousse de se laisser aller à la sentimentalité, de relâcher sa poigne sur le mancheron de la vie qu'elle s'était tracée: "Nous allons survivre." Et même, depuis peu, elle avait élargi ses horizons: "Nous allons vivre," c'est-à-dire, installer les garçons sur des fermes à eux, faire instruire les filles ou ceux qui le voudront. "Nous allons être riches," pas de dettes, et chacun sera en mesure de gagner sa vie. (p 93).

3.

In the kitchen: I'm charmed by recipes where food is delivered in a little package... egg rolls, piradzini, calzones, apple turnovers. Recently we tried Julia Turshen's Everything Bagel Handpies, and they were delicious! I bought Everything Bagel Spice at Black Market Provisions.

I also made Smitten Kitchen's Chocolate Peanut Butter Cup Cookies, and they too were unanimously well received. (A bit fussy imo...)

4.

Art: Follow artists on Instagram and it becomes a delight to scroll... I'm inspired by Julia Rothman, Sandi Hester, Magali Franov and Kristen Vardanega at Little Tiny Egg .

5.

Pictures: In winter, the Red River turns a deep blue that contrasts so beautifully against the white snow. Yesterday morning, the dip in temperature made for impressive evaporation fog along the river.

And should you need a hug, I hope you get one that is burr-less. Happy Friday!

Friday Five

No introduction… just the usual… a little nosegay of various things…

1.

Assembling family photo albums made me realize that I was missing the high-quality pictures my SLR takes. I started bringing my SLR on daily walks with the dog and notice that the routine feels newly enriched: now I think of framing shots; I notice how different the days are from each other... especially their light and how it draws my attention to different things. I post a round up of photos from the week on Instagram, picking a favourite from each day. 

2.

Trying to capture the sculptural branches of a bunch of dead trees in Henteleff Park, I noticed a plane flying through the shot. I immediately thought of Lost and felt a wave of nostalgia... It was the first tv show Christian and I binge-watched on weekends when our daughter was a brand-new baby, we were brand-new parents and the show helped us escape the tethered-to-our-house feeling. It was so long ago… we rented the dvds from BlockBuster.

3.

Last weekend we were sad to have reached the end of the second season of Acapulco. I don't think I've ever felt a tv show grow on me as surprisingly as this one did... I could barely watch the beginning of the first season's episodes, and would distract myself from the cringe I felt by working on a puzzle in front of the television. But over time I was won over by its characters and now agree with what Rebecca Nicholson writes: "the overall effect is gentle, sunny and laidback, and the show wears its easy charm well"

4.

I get a thrill when I can pull off a weeknight meal with family guests... Last night I made Melissa Clark's Sesame Chicken with Cashews and Dates  and it was perfect. Stars align, planes fly into shots, grapefruit is in season and you have the perfect occasion to make a loaf for dessert. I'd been wanting to make Smitten Kitchen's Grapefruit Olive Oil Pound Cake for years and finally did this week. It was delicious!

5.

I finished listening to The Sixth Extinction audiobook and loved every minute of being carried along on Elizabeth Kolbert's words. (I also especially like Anne Twomey’s voice as narrator.) I learned about paradigm-shifts and coral reefs:

(Chapter 5) The psychologists wrote up their findings in a paper titled "On the perception of incongruity: a paradigm." Among those who found this paper intriguing was Thomas Kuhn. To Kuhn, the 20th century's most influential historian of science, the experiment was indeed paradigmatic: it revealed how people process disruptive information. Their first impulse is to force it into a familiar framework [...]. Signs of mismatch are disregarded for as long as possible, [...]. At the point the anomaly becomes simply too glaring, a crisis ensues, what the psychologists dubbed the "my God" reaction. This pattern was, Kuhn argued in his seminal work, "The Structures of Scientific Revolutions" so basic that it shaped not only individual perceptions but entire fields of enquiry. Data that did not fit the commonly accepted assumptions of a discipline, would either be discounted or explained away for as long as possible. The more contradictions accumulated, the more convoluted the rationalizations became. In science, as in the playing card experiment, novelty emerges only with difficulty, Kuhn wrote, [...]. Crisis lead to insight and the old framework gave way to a new one. This is how great scientific discoveries, or, to use the term Kuhn made so popular, "paradigm-shifts" took place.

(Chap 5) "Though the world does not change with a change of paradigm, the scientist afterward works in a different world," is how Kuhn put it.

(Chapter 7) Reefs are organic paradoxes: obdurate, ship-destroying ramparts constructed by tiny gelatinous creatures. They are part animal, part vegetable and part mineral, at once teeming with life and at the same time, mostly dead. Like sea-urchins and starfish and clams and oysters and barnacles, reef-building corals have mastered the alchemy of calcification. What sets them apart from other calcifiers is that instead of working solo, to produce a shell, say, or some calcitic plates, corals engage in vast communal building projects that stretch over generations. Each individual, known unflatteringly as a polyp, adds to its colony's collective exoskeleton. On a reef, billions of polyps belonging to as many as a hundred different species are all devoting themselves to the same basic task. Given enough time and the right conditions, the result is another paradox: a living structure. The great barrier reef extends continuously for more than fifteen hundred miles and in some places it is five hundred feet thick. By the scale of reefs, the pyramids at Giza are kiddie blocks. The way corals change the world, with huge construction projects spanning multiple generations, might be likened to the way that humans do, with this crucial difference: instead of displacing other creatures, corals support them. 

While writing this, I forgot I had put beans to boil and they are now cooling off outside, their burnt smoky-smell drifting off toward the neighbour’s. C’est la vie!

Happy Friday!

Friday Five

This week's roundup of ideas center around a theme: that of travel and exploration as a metaphor for my studies. It is inspired by the audiobook I just finished, titled Lands of Lost Borders by Kate Harris, and the subsequent connections made across podcasts, websites and other books.

1.

It all begins with longing. When Kate Harris set out to bike along the Silk Road, she did so in response to an intense longing to explore. It is a theme that comes up more than once in her book. For example, she notes the irony in noticing posters in Asia with a scene that looks like it is set in Canada: 

Across the tent, tacked to its supportive beams, a glossy poster caught my eye. It featured juicy-looking burgers, golden french fries, bowls of cherries and oranges and ice cream and foamy milk shakes, all spread on a red and white picnic blanket in a lush forest next to a waterfall. I'd seen similar posters all across western China [...]. They fascinated me, not just for the torturously improbable feast they portrayed, food that was the stuff of fantasy, unavailable for thousands of miles, but for the odd familiarity of the scene. For all I could tell, the posters showcased woodsy, rural Ontario, where my own bedroom walls had been tacked with posters of mountains and deserts, of horizons picked clean by wind. We were longing right past each other. (Chap 2)

In Susan Cain's most recent book, Bittersweet, longing is an important aspect of bittersweetness. She writes:

Most of all, bittersweetness shows us how to respond to pain: by acknowledging it, and attempting to turn it into art, the way the musicians do, or healing, or innovation, or anything else that nourishes the soul. If we don't transform our sorrows and longings, we can end up inflicting them on others via abuse, domination, neglect. But if we realize that all humans know - or will know - loss and suffering, we can turn toward each other.

This idea - of transforming pain into creativity, transcendence, and love - is the heart of this book."

2.

We are all plagued by the desire to be original. When I began my research, I hoped I was cutting a new path that would lead to new discoveries. Instead, the more research I've done, the more historians I've found who have laid tracks parallel to my own. I think this means two things: the first is that it is human nature to want to stake out one's individual merit, and to have hubristic ideas about it. It is better to discover oneself as part of a community. Secondly, venturing out with a project in mind is a good and necessary part of one's personal development. Again, Harris writes about this in her book, with the example of Alexandra David-Neel: 

Refreshingly, David-Néel knew herself just fine, and what she was searching for, if anything, was an outer world as wild as she felt within. She didn't even have the luxury of a blank literary or geographic slate when it came to Tibet. Dozens of Europeans had already been there, from diplomats to missionaries to soldiers. They'd drawn maps, written reports, even owned real estate in Lhasa. That none of this deterred the Frenchwoman was deeply consoling to me, a hint that exploration was possible despite precedent, that even artificial borders were by definition frontiers, and therefore worth breaching as a matter of principle. (Chap 1)

And in her book’s conclusion, Harris writes:

But exploration more than anything is like falling in love, the experience feels singular, unprecedented and revolutionary despite the fact that others have been there before. No one can fall in love for you, just as no one can bike the silk road or walk on the moon for you.

3.

Distractions and procrastination. I'm writing through the results of the research, working through another chapter, and sometimes, as much as I like writing, I am seized by the desire to escape it. I start thinking that the story of the small town would better be communicated in a graphic novel, or an interactive website. Or what if what the world really needs right now is a comprehensive map featuring every travel writer's journey in the books they wrote? That way, I reason, if you wanted to travel vicariously without any of the discomfort, you could pick a place and see the books written about it!

Such digressions of thought are like desert mirages, and they're a normal part of writing. They do sometimes lead to interesting rabbit holes though... I discovered the website Wikimapia, for example, and Richard Kreitner's article titled “The Obsessively Detailed Map of American Literature’s Most Epic Road Trips” on Atlas Obscura. (He also wrote a book with selected works of fiction and their settings around the world.)

4.

On the subject of writing. Travel writing, as a genre, isn't easy to pull off, as Tyler Cowen writes in a blog post titled "Why is most travel writing so bad?" Rory Stewart, on a podcast episode of Always Take Notes, is also critical of some aspects of the genre. 

[...] it absurdly inflected with a strange form of decadent asceticism, it too often relies on essentially mocking foreigners [it's] very very unaware of the actual political context of people's lives, it's anthropologically primitive, it has no real interest in the actual structures of society

Then again, every genre has its weak spots and examples of poor execution. Criticism is instructive (preferably when one isn't the subject of it!).

5.

Finally, a balance between history and the present, between thinking and doing. Thanks to Tyler Cowen's recent podcast episode I learned about Paul Salopek's years-long project of walking across the continents. The premise is fascinating, and Salopek uses his talents to highlight "slowing down and finding humanity." In one of his recent dispatches, he writes about human migration. And there was this line: "History—as scribbled by smug homebodies—often assigns these wandering souls a glib label: losers." I wonder if he's highlighting a tension between people who stay at home and people like himself who choose to venture out to see life "on the ground." I don't think one should exclude the other... Rory Stewart (back to that episode on Always Take Notes) marries both aspects.... the walking and the history: 

[...] you access communities that you can's access except on foot, and you're walking at the same pace as everybody else. [...] Walking therefore exposes me to the landscape but [also] to the human components and history of the landscape. Things make sense for me as a historian by walking: the distance that Alexander the Great had to walk, or the Genghis Khan's army had to walk makes sense to me [...]. 

It's been a thought-provoking week! Pictures taken this week while walking the dog are on Instagram.

Happy Friday!

Friday Five

Welcome to another end-of-week round up, with a quote, appreciation for food, a book I finished, a competition with Chat GPT, and more pictures from my dog-walks. It’s Saturday, but I refuse to rename the post granting myself a pass for the busy day yesterday…

1.

I love the prairies. In the course of reading for my paper I came across Kenneth Michael Sylvester’s description in The Limits of Rural Capitalism: "My strongest memories are of the scale of the countryside, of fading towns with weathered false-front buildings and of cities that appeared without reason, out of nowhere, like distant harbours in a vast agricultural ocean." (p 3) Sometimes I wish academic writing encouraged more lyricism.

2.

In praise of the traditional meal. I've tended for the past four months or so, to build menus that rely less heavily on meat as a main, or to space them out a bit... Fried rice, wonton soup, creamy pasta with peas and bacon... those sorts of meals. But earlier this week, I breaded pieces of chicken (flour, egg, panko crumbs), shallow fried them, and made a side of perogies (boiled then lightly pan fried), lingonberry sauce (from IKEA!) and boiled edamame and remembered how comforting it is sometimes to come back to a traditional meal. Dress it up a bit, and you have Jamie Oliver's "Super Schnitzel" from his book Jamie's Comfort Food, with breaded veal cutlets and a special "sprinkle" (made of finely chopped shallot, pickle and parsley), potato salad and apple salad. 

3. 

A good book. Thanks to the podcast “People I Mostly Admire,” I learned about the work of historian Brad Gregory. (I wrote about a quote I liked from that podcast episode here). Last week, I finished reading his book The Unintended Reformation. I liked it so much, I wrote a summary of it here. Gregory’s approach with a book on “how the distant past remains influential in the present” [p 14] is unusual, as he points out in the introduction, and perhaps this is another reason why I appreciated the book so much.  

4. 

A competition with AI. I asked Chat GPT to take over this edition of Friday Five with the query “Write me 5 short paragraphs, each with an interesting idea on random subjects.” This was the result:

 

One interesting idea is the concept of "forest bathing," which is a practice that originated in Japan and involves spending time in nature to improve physical and mental well-being. Studies have shown that spending time in nature can lower stress hormones, improve mood, and boost the immune system.

Another interesting idea is the concept of "pre-suasion," which is the art of preparing people to be more receptive to a message before the message is even delivered. This can be done through a variety of techniques, such as using certain words or images to prime the audience's subconscious.

An interesting idea in the field of psychology is "change blindness," which is the phenomenon where people fail to notice significant changes in their visual environment. This can have important implications for fields such as advertising, as people may not even notice changes in a product or brand.

An interesting idea in the field of economics is "behavioral economics," which is the study of how psychology and cognitive biases influence economic decision-making. This field has shown that people do not always make rational decisions when it comes to money, and that understanding these biases can help to improve economic policy.

An interesting idea in the field of technology is the concept of "smart cities," which use technology to improve the efficiency and livability of urban areas. This can include things like smart traffic lights, air quality sensors, and public transportation systems that are connected to the internet. By using technology to improve the functioning of cities, it is believed that smart cities can help to reduce pollution, improve quality of life, and increase economic productivity.

Isn’t it comforting to know this blog hasn’t been taken over by robots? That bit about change blindness is intriguing though… I’ve often tended to feel the opposite. More like Homily in The Borrowers, which my daughter and I are reading right now. In the story, a boy is bringing the family pieces of furniture from a doll’s house and Homily, the mother, is excited about all this new décor:

…Homily was tireless; bright-eyed and pink-cheeked, after a long day’s pushing and pulling, she still would leave nothing until morning. “Let’s just try it,” she would beg, lifting up one end of a large doll’s sideboard, so that Pod [her husband] would have to lift the other; “it won’t take a minute!” But as Pod well knew, in actual fact it would be several hours before, disheveled and aching, they finally dropped into bed. Even then Homily would sometimes hop out “to have one last look.” (p 131).

I so recognize this excitement! Re-organizing a corner, changing a paint colour, or styling things a different way have the opposite effect of change blindness, instead sparking my attention every time I walk by. Cup of Jo once called this a fakeover.

5.

Pictures. Care for some Winnipeg scenery? Last week was warm and cloudy, but this week brought dipping temperatures and fresh snow. It’s a game of “would you rather…” Option 1: warm weather, no sun; option 2 cold weather, bright sun! What do you pick?

Look how the sun makes a difference:


And check out the “Loch Ness tree” in winter… (I’ve taken a picture of it in other seasons here.)

Earlier this week I spotted deer. Enzo, not having picked up their scent, didn’t notice them!

Happy weekend!

Summary and quotes from Brad S. Gregory's book The Unintended Reformation

Summarizing Gregory’s research is like writing a Haiku for Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet… the oversimplification makes the source sound discreditable. For a historian of Gregory’s caliber, this is very much not the case. The exercise here is my own form of aide-mémoire for the points this book makes. The words in parenthesis are the titles of each of the book’s six chapters.

Summary

            Luther, an Augustinian monk, alarmed like so many of his contemporaries at the state of the church, the way its pontiff and cardinals and bishops and priests had deviated from Christ’s example in the Gospel, of love and humility and poverty, concluded that the Catholic church had a flaw in its foundation. Instead of spreading, as it did, with reference to a central figure in Rome and a legacy of tradition from the Church Fathers, the faith, he decided, should come, simply, from the Bible. The Bible, he thought, would not lead people astray, because for him, reading the Bible was clear. Luther, printed his thoughts in German and they spread throughout the population of practicing faithful, also concerned about their church. Were it not for Luther’s passionate fervor or the protection of a Prince, the world would not be what it is today.

            If we are inclined to think that the Reformation was a movement that sprung from the Catholic Church, with its own structure and cohesion, this was not the case. Luther in his own lifetime was dismayed that so many interpretations of the Bible, differing from his own, could muddy and complicate what he thought was evident.

            (Excluding God) Today, we have science, or more specifically, the natural sciences. Natural sciences allow us to look at the world and measure and understand it and make giant strides in technology. Weber saw this and declared that since there is nothing we can’t know, there is no need for God, “this implies the disenchantment of the world.” [p 26] Disenchantment! So now, there is science and there is faith and the two are separate. How they became separate was a trick of language… a long time ago, God was in everything, and then, as the natural sciences measured and quantified things, and labeled cells and named galaxies, God was outside the arena of things passed under microscopes and observed through telescopes, and so, God became something that was nowhere.

            (Relativizing Doctrines) For all the wonder and beauty of natural sciences, they cannot answer questions about life purpose. All the disagreements about what the Bible meant, lead to philosophers turning to reason for consensus. But then reason couldn’t provide a single satisfactory answer, and philosophers only ever continued to ask questions. Eventually this lead to everyone disagreeing with each other and having their own ideas and not arriving at a solution of any kind.

            (Controlling the Churches) The way society is organized, with the separation of church and state can be traced in history. When Luther needed a monarch’s protection or risked being put to death, so too did all adopters of various Protestant faiths. Religion became associated with power. Over time, the differences between what people believed to be true became an internal creed that had to be confessed, rather than a guide for a way of being. Depending on the monarch’s convictions, populations were subjected to terrible persecution and so it was better over time to allow for a whole variety of individual convictions without imposing any one thing on everyone. But just as government depended on its citizens to live the virtues of their religion, suddenly religion was being eroded in importance and no longer had a prominent part in nurturing good practices. Society and religion became secularized.

            (Subjectivizing Morality) A sense of what is right and wrong is now based on personal feeling with one’s happiness as a guide. Morality became separate from politics from the time of the Renaissance popes who, in shrugging their duty, unwittingly set an example for Machiavelli’s advice to leaders. Centuries later, the American “pursuit of happiness” is counted as a true right, and yet rights are no more self-evident than are souls. Therefore, citizens are left with being proscribed tolerance.

            (Manufacturing the Goods Life) Getting to where we are now as a culture that endlessly consumes, goes far back to the people’s idea of how to treat God’s creation, the greediness of the Catholic church’s clergy and the idea that material prosperity was a sign of God’s favour. Wars over religion were expensive and onerous and by taking the Dutch Republic’s example of favouring a common interest in economic prosperity over a common interest in religion, life seemed better. Suddenly it became a good thing to want good things for one’s family and everyone could agree that being comfortable was a source of happiness, even if many wars have been waged over the fight for material goods. An increasingly undeniable consequence of capitalism and consumerism has been the destruction of the environment and the consequences of the disruption caused to the natural world.

            (Secularizing Knowledge) Finally, effects of the Reformation can also be found in universities where specialization, while good, is also conducted in isolation without an idea of “knowledge as a whole,” [p 301] or how things are connected and related to each other. Theology was put aside as were other forms of knowledge that had been accepted prior to the Reformation. Universities favoured secular humanism and just the right amount of skepticism, to “relativize […] religious views” [p 359] and still allow for toleration.

           In the end, while Luther set out to fix the problems in the Catholic church, he could not adjust the foundation in a way that made sense to everyone. Instead, his effort had the unintended consequence of causing a breach where a whole diversity of claims about truth rushed forth and spread and splintered.

A few quotes

From Chapter 2 “Relativizing Doctrines”

A rejection of the church's authority and many of its teachings is precisely what happened in the Reformation. All Protestant reformers came to believe that the established church was no longer the church established by Jesus. So they spurned many truth claims of the faith as embodied in the Roman church. Their repudiation was not based primarily on the church's rampant abuses, the sinfulness of many of its members, or entrenched obstacles to reform. All of these had been obvious to conscientious clerical reformers and other open-eyed Christians for well over a century. The Reformation's upshot was rather that Roman Catholicism, even at its best, was a perverted form even if all its members had been self-consciously following all the Roman church's teachings and had been enacting all its permitted practices. Institutional abuses and immorality were seen as symptomatic signs of a flawed foundation, namely false and dangerous doctrines - that is, mistaken truth claims. The established church itself was teaching errors and lies as if they were truth. This was the problem that had to be fixed. And because the church had pressed into every nook and cranny of politics, social life, economic activity, and culture - in myriad ways, according to Protestant reformers, distorting them all - it looked like the apocalypse was nigh. [p 86]

From Chapter 3 “Controlling the Churches”:

With supreme irony and as a result of understandable pragmatic decisions, it repudiated Jesus's uncompromising, anti-subjectivist, anti-individualist commands precisely because disagreement about them had proven so costly in the Reformation era and in the enduring confessional antagonisms it left in its wake. Doubly ironically, however, by pointing the way to the emancipation of politics from any and all religious institutions, the American founders unwittingly laid the groundwork for the potential erosion of the church-nurtured, virtuous behaviors of the nation's citizens, and so for the eventual endangerment of the nation's own public, political well-being that depended on citizens who exhibited certain behaviors rather than others. Controlling the churches by disestablishing them freed not only political institutions from churches but also established the institutional framework for the eventual liberation of society from religion. It left public culture, political life, economic activity, and social relationships dependent on the individual behaviors that informed them, whatever those behaviors happened to be. [p 172]

From Chapter 4 “Subjectivizing Morality”:

As MacIntyre notes, the widespread default in Western societies at large is emotivism, an ethics of subjective, feelings-based, personal preference, which only exacerbates the unresolved and irresolvable disagreements. The de facto guideline for the living of human life in the Western world today seems simply to be "whatever makes you happy" - "so long as you're not hurting anyone else" - in which the criteria for happiness, too, are self-determined, self-reported, and therefore immune to critique, and in which the meaning of "hurting anyone else" is assumed to be self-evident, unproblematic, or both. Because there is no shared framework within which such disagreements might rationally be debated and perhaps overcome, and yet life goes on, moral disagreements are translated socially into political contestation within an emotivist culture - one that is closely related to if not largely identical with the individualistic "therapeutic culture" diagnosed by Philip Rieff. Protests, the exertion of power, and manipulation, whether overt or disguised, displace rational moral discourse, as has become ever more apparent, for example, in American public life and the media in recent decades. Everything becomes "political" because once morality has been subjectivized no arguments can succeed, since there is no shared set of assumptions from which they can proceed. [p 182]

From the conclusion:

Yet the same institutional arrangements that solved the central problem posed by the failure of confessional Europe created the conditions for the failure of Western modernity itself, which is now well under way in different respects. In order to see this, we have not only consider simply and narrowly the problems that modern liberalism solved, but also what its institutional arrangements have facilitated in combination with other historical developments. A centrally important, paradoxical characteristic of modern liberalism is that it does not prescribe what citizens should believe, how they should live, or what they should care about, but it nonetheless depends for the social cohesion and political vitality of the regimes it informs on the voluntary acceptance of widely shared beliefs, values, and priorities that motivate people's actions. Otherwise liberal states have to become more legalistic and coercive in order to insure stability and security. In the West, many of those basic beliefs, values, and priorities - including self-discipline, self-denial, self-denial, self-sacrifice, ethical responsibility for others, duty to one's community, commitment to one's spouse and children - derive most influentially in the modern Western world from Christianity and were shared across confessional lives in early modern Europe. Advanced secularization, precipitated partly by the capitalism and consumerism encouraged by liberal states, has considerably eroded them in the past several decades and thus placed increasing pressures on public life through the social fragmentation and political apathy of increasing numbers of citizens who exercise their rights to live for themselves and to ignore politics. This is one way in which modernity's failure is under way, a symptom of which is the constant stream of (thus far, ineffectual) proposals about how to reinvigorate democracy, restore public civility, get citizens to care about politics and so forth. [pp 375-6]

The quotes above are excerpted with fair use in mind… I might be wrong though, and I’m happy to comply should copyright be infringed here.

Links


This is a video on Youtube in which Gregory introduces his book to a university audience at Notre Dame.

This is a podcast episode in which Gregory discusses academia and history more generally.

Friday Five

Drawing up a list of things is a steady exercise in taming my feelings; one week, five things is hardly enough, I think, for all that's going on. The next week, five things is far too much, for I have suddenly dried up, the scene is boring, how shall I ever manage to entertain a guest? Writing, as a gift, is not about feelings, and inuring oneself against the vagaries of the trade is best done, I'd argue, by practise as if it were a form of exposure therapy.

1.

Boring scenery is just what this week has had to offer here in Winnipeg. The skies have been piled high with clouds, the snow is old. The weather has been mild such that the river is still not frozen.

I like taking pictures the same way I like drawing... I'm not a photographer nor am I an artist, but I like the way these mediums can interact with words and expand thoughts on creativity. Listening to photographers and artists on Youtube can be so enlightening in this sense. Take, for example, Thomas Heaton, who kindly invites the viewer into his thoughts as he goes about finding an image that captures a feeling... either in Scotland or on a "bank holiday". 

2.

I borrowed John Green's latest book from the library, titled The Anthropocene Reviewed, not thinking it too would have his signature scrawled on the inside. It was a strange thrill to feel that his thoughtfulness had reached me all the way here, in a lowly library loan. (See here).

3.

I'm happy to report that today, on the job, I netted a few clichés, pinning them down and signaling them to the student, just like we were instructed to do. Avoid clichés! Avoid clichés! Teju Cole wrote in Known and Strange Things: "Flaubert hated cliché, a hatred that expressed itself not only in the pristine prose of Madame Bovary but also in his letters and in his notes on the thoughtless platitudes of the day. (...) We could learn from his impatience: there are many standard formulations in our language, which stand in place of thought, but we proclaim them each time - due to laziness, prejudice, or hypocrisy - as though they were fresh insight." (p 74)

4.

This week, I made the kids Snickerdoodles and they baked, spreading flatter than pancakes. I must find a different recipe, even though the kids find this one an acceptable form of after-school snack.

5.

I made a quiche on Thursday. It had been so long, it tasted especially delicious!

And I'm off, reading, doing chapter edits, wishing you a happy Friday!

Friday Five

1

Podcast I loved this week's episode of This American Life... These are short paragraphs-long stories, Ira Glass says… and yet how powerful the humble paragraph! As a tutor, I often encourage students to look at paragraph-construction tips, because, in academic writing, they can follow a pattern: make a point, have examples to develop the point, conclude the thought and lead to the next point. On This American Life, guest Etgar Keret shared pieces of his mother's character and turned paragraphs about her into art.

2

Music Tom Allen's CBC programme "About Time" featured "Oqiton" by Jeremy Dutcher. The song is based on a wax cylinder recording of a Maliseet (Wolastoqiyik) song, in a language that had (then) long been outlawed. It's beautiful and haunting.

3

Deodorant Megababe has a slew of products and I'm two weeks into daily application of "The Smoothie Deo" post "Space Bar Underarm Soap" lathering, rinsing, drying. I smell good, even at the end of a busy day wearing heat-tech turtlenecks. Natural products make one feel extra lady-like when they work because they exude environmentalist virtue perhaps... Wearing something that smells like a chocolate filling (coconut, lime and bilberry) feels lighter than applying men's extra-strength antiperspirant, even though, to be clear, aluminium is fine and detoxing one's armpits is a dubious exercise. 

4

Food I made Refrigerator Bran Muffins, the idea of this recipe being that the batter can be safely kept in the refrigerator for weeks so that, for weeks, you can treat yourself to freshly-made muffins with little prep. For my mother-in-law, I baked them all at once. The recipe made 44 muffins, and I learned you don't need to fill the empty wells of a muffin tin with water.

5

Winnipeg Scenery This week's weather brought nice temperatures and cloudy-grey mornings. Enzo and I tramp through the well-tramped Henteleff trail along the river. Wildlife makes itself scarce, but everywhere, there are traces of its presence... An abandoned nest in the bleached strands of grass;

Enzo's fox-like conviction that field mice are running tunnels under the snow;

a coyote, small as a dot that crosses the river behind us

and snowmen that freeze, mid-exercise as we pass by…

Happy Friday!

Friday Five

It's week 1 of the new year, and just as good as day 1 for making resolutions or starting their practice. To hail the new calendar, so crisp and clean, here are five things: ideas, recipes tried, watching a log cabin being built, and the delight of small bouquets...

1

Details: Colouring-in a story with detail feels like a skill that requires precision and balance: too many details and the story is tedious, too few and the anecdote is lifeless. Erik Larson, author of many nonfictions books, of which Devil in the White City is my favourite, explains what it takes to dig them out on an episode for the Longform podcast: "I do have a high tolerance for being alone and sitting in an archive hour after hour (...). To me it is never boring, because once I'm on the case, (you know it really is kind of like a detective story, like I'm in one), once I'm on the case, you just never know what you're going to find. But you know you've got to find a certain category of information, something that will make my imagination come alive, something that screams to me "this is good." And the only way to find that is to put in the hours. But I'm very content to do that. If I spend, in the case of Devil in the White City, if I spend an entire day in an archive, and all I discover is that the doctor who was in charge of this innovative ambulance service at the fair, is that his name was Gentles, G-E-N-T-L-E-S, Dr. Gentles, you know this innovative ambulance service with rubber wheels so that it wouldn't shake people,  that kind of thing, if I find little details, something like that."

2

Having received Deb Perelman's latest cookbook Keepers for Christmas, was excited to try new recipes and have cooked the cover-photo-ed "Green Angel Hair with Garlic Butter" the "Turkey Meatloaf for Skeptics," the "Snow Peas with Pecorino and Walnuts," the "Apple Butterscotch Crisp" and the "White Russian Slush Punch." Deb has such a kind and encouraging writing voice, it feels like a privilege to have her friendly guidance in the kitchen. Were I to quibble with her, it would be over the Apple Butterscotch Crisp, simply because we have a pretty strong opinion about the one that comes from Christian's mom. It's simpler: the apples are not parcooked in a skillet, but rather in the oven in the same dish the crisp is served in and, more importantly, it contains no oats. This isn't to say that the version in Keepers is not delicious... it is! As I was eating it, the topping reminded me of granola, only more decadent. The apple crisp Christian requests has a topping like the big crumb coffee cake, which, humbler for its lack of nuts, feels a bit less cluttered. Tonight I'll be making "Chocolate Chip Buckwheat Pancakes" and an omelet for supper, and I'm looking forward to August's tomatoes and corn to try "Tomato and Corn Cobbler."

3

I submitted a chapter for my thesis before Christmas and recently received feedback. Among the comments was something to the effect of "the writing is too brusque, you need more transitions" and echoes feedback I've received for articles submitted to a small publication. It makes me smile because I think it reflects a characteristic, which, like most characteristics, one can suspect but not know... I'm always worried about boring an audience and in fact, should I fall into a limelight, do try to hurry away. Must work on transitions.

4

I accidentally drank black tea too close to bedtime and could not fall asleep. I ended up watching the construction of a log cabin in Sweden and was charmed by the puppy that eventually appears, the exhibition of traditional building techniques, the non-narration and the friendly family feast at the end.  

5

I think any store bouquet is exponentially prettier when divided into little bouquets nestled in unexpected spots around the house... The bathroom, so guests have something cute to look at; the kitchen window, to delight while washing dishes; or here, the night-table...

And voilà! This Friday's post done! Should we meet again next week? I'll try to be on time, like morning rather than afternoon...

Friday Five

Look at that, two sleeps till Christmas, festivities, joy and well-wishes and parties and family and whoop, the year is done and this is turning into a Christmas carol. Here are five holiday-themed things.

1. Ordered and received calendars: the kids have theirs on the fridge, I have my 2023 agenda.

2. Finished a puzzle, started another (the dog ate 7 pieces).

3. Baked some cookies; gifted caramels and little bags of nuts and bolts.

4. My sister and I will try mulled wine.

5. Enzo can strike a holiday pose. (Thanks for the pic Anna!)

Friday Five

There is a rule for blogging success that says a writer should stick to one subject. Forget it, I say. Here, I'm a rebel, writing about all sorts of things.

  1. Making supper isn't about one recipe... it's about putting together a meal with enough component parts to tempt these kids' appetites. This week, I made Julia Turshen's Sticky Chicken, stir fried leftover vegetables (green pepper, zucchini, mushrooms) and presented this with a pile of freshly-made crepes. Folding this all together I took a bite and surprised myself with how good it was. Ruth Reichl can wax poetic about how "cooking is the adventure of combining ingredients" - a level of kitchen ability I'm not yet at, but I do get a hint of the feeling when putting together a meal at night. "You're a traveler, [she writes] following your own path, seeking adventure. (...) If it doesn't work out - well, there's always another meal." (My Kitchen Year, p 169)

  2. I'm listening to Say Nothing via the Libby app and I'm having a hard time not hearing my own thoughts with an Irish accent. Pair this reading with the Longform podcast's interview with the author, Patrick Radden Keefe and you have hours of great listening.

  3. Noticing happenstance colour-palettes is a new fun thing I like to do à la fashionista. In my non-glamorous life, colour-palettes are found on walks and in piles of books. And then, what about this crochet pattern with its 'dark green tea' and 'teal' and 'raspberry' and 'gold'? I am in awe of this artist's rendering of Christmas lights at night.

  4.  Today, the kids' busdriver picked them up dressed in a Santa costume, complete with beard. Primed by HONY, I now suspect a whole mysterious backstory.

  5. Design Matters interviewed Min Jin Lee, a writer and the author of Pachinko. I really like interviews with writers and thought it was so touching how she talked about her husband: "My husband has carried me for decades while I wasn’t earning, while I was on the quest to be a writer. And he was willing to put up with the financial, the fact that I wasn’t earning." Because "I chose this thing called writing." And she talked about how vulnerable being an unpublished writer made her feel: "And I would tell them I’m working on a book. And they would say, “Well, can I buy your book? Is it sold anywhere?” And there was no answer to this. And at that point I didn’t have a contract. I didn’t have an agent. I had just really no idea how to even go about this. But I just knew that I had these books and I was going to write them. And with each additional year of delay, the more humiliated I became and I became more private. But I really work actually much harder." Fantastic interview

Reading list: The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James

How to start: I was reading this book on the plane and my seat mate asked if it was Portrait of a Lady on Fire. It wasn’t, I said, and felt a little shy… Was this film some kind of adaptation, I wondered? It’s not. Most definitely not.

An excerpt:

Ralph, on leaving Oxford, had spent a couple of years in travelling: after which he had found himself perched on a high stool in his father's bank. The responsibility and honour of such positions is not, I believe, measured by the height of the stool, which depends upon other considerations: Ralph, indeed, who had very long legs, was fond of standing, and even of walking about, at his work. To this exercise, however, he was obliged to devote but a limited period, for at the end of some eighteen months he had become aware of his being seriously out of health. He had caught a violent cold, which fixed itself on his lungs and threw them into dire confusion. He had to give up work and apply to the letter, the sorry injunction to take care of himself. At first he slighted the task; it appeared to him it was not himself in the least he was taking care of, but an uninteresting and uninterested person with whom he had nothing in common. This person, however, improved on acquaintance, and Ralph grew at least to have a certain grudging tolerance, even an undemonstrative respect for him. Misfortune makes strange bedfellows, and our young man, feeling that he had something at stake in the matter - it usually struck him as his reputation for ordinary wit - devoted to his graceless charge an amount of attention of which note was duly taken and which had at least the effect of keeping the poor fellow alive. One of his lungs began to heal, the other promised to follow its example, and he was assured he might outweather a dozen winters if he would betake himself to those climates in which consumptives chiefly congregate. As he had grown extremely fond of London, he cursed the flatness of exile: but at the same time that he cursed he conformed, and gradually, when he found his sensitive organ grateful even for grim favours, he conferred them with a lighter hand. He wintered abroad as the phrase is; basked in the sun, stopped at home when the wind blew, went to bed when it rained, and once or twice when it had snowed overnight, almost never got up again. (p 51)

Tangential: Henry James’s biography on Britannica is fascinating… he met so many authors and travelled just as much as his characters do in this book.

Friday Five

I like a snappy list of random things, don't you?

1. It's almost Christmas, and my favourite places to shop in Winnipeg are Black Market Provisions and Toad Hall Toys. These stars look so pretty and tonight, it would be fun to go to a Student Show and Sale. The Events Calendar here feels so festive! Christian and I adopted the idea of keeping a Google Doc of gift ideas for each other from this episode of Hidden Brain.

2. What will you do with your history degree? (I don't know!) However, reading the Canadian Historical Association's report was oddly comforting. Also, people studying history are fewer and fewer in number apparently... 

3. I've started baking, because cookies are delightful and my sister is visiting which is all the more impetus for making things cozy here! (Maybe I’ll try a new recipe?)

4. Last week I spent the days intensively working on a surprise for the family. I'm the kind of person that almost bursts at the thought of having to keep a surprise and avoiding doing so requires an attitude of cool indifference - as if I had to decide to draw a curtain over all the scenes my imagination puts together. And I have lots of imagination! Not enough to write a novel, unfortunately, but enough to amuse myself with silliness. Years ago I took my SLR and photographed made-up scenes using my then-toddlers' toys. I thought that things that made me laugh would be too ridiculous to share and stopped.

5. I've often been paralyzed by the thought of perfection. Drawing has been somewhat therapeutic in this regard. I've been forcing myself to draw a person (whole or just the face) everyday for the past few months after stumbling over myself in the last year and a half. It's more than just accepting that results take practice... it's getting over the enthusiasm of a new idea and accepting that desire for a result must be subdued. Meekly, it becomes a habit and a habit in its purest form should be executed with a kind of simple attention that is light and not grasping or weighed down with expectation. And reaching that mode of working takes its own time and suffers onslaughts of impatience, but that's fine... that's just how it is. 

Four things

I'm writing the long paper that will, with some prodding and goodwill, become that thing you call a thesis that might earn me a certificate that says I've mastered the discipline it takes to be a member of this little field of Canadian Studies. Isn't that a better sentence than saying "I'm currently on chapter one of my Master's degree thesis"? I don't like the personal pronoun "my". It feels too possessive. All this quibbling aside, I do like writing and reading and looking things up, and sometimes, the looking-things-up yields funny asides... Take this injunction from 1900 when bicycles in St-Boniface were so new they were called "velocipedes"...

The Archbishop, writing one of his circular letters, notes that while bicycle-riding is not prohibited, its use should be restricted to those who have gained permission. I shared this with my husband, my kids, a friend... just to marvel at how foreign these rules feel 122 years later and everyone has a different reaction. The kids thought it was funny, like I had. Christian wondered why and this prompted me to look up how priests dressed in 1900. I suspect their long dress-like cassocks must have been encumbering. And my friend mocked the rules-y-ness of the institution. But there were rules for everything! There were rules for welcoming the bishop in a parish, for belonging to secret societies and for fundraising events. There were rules for getting married and fees prescribed for the customs you had to follow, and tariffs paid for dispensations for marrying a cousin funded the archdiocese's expenses for priests.

Reading these circulars makes me feel like I should worry that my clothes are too comfortable.

 

All that above made me want to draw a priest on a bicycle in 1900, or find a picture of one, and drawing is still for now, a spare 10-minute hobby. I laughed when reading (via Ngaio Parr's newsletter Some Things) Vanessa Varghese describe learning how to draw as "what a bowl of humble pie that's been" in part because, yes, that's how I feel, but also, the description sounds awkward to me, just as the attempt to draw is awkward. Did she mean it that way, I keep wondering...

Shepherd's pie, well executed, might be a sloppy rectangle of meat topped with mashed potatoes. Sure, you could eat it in a bowl, where it has no shape at all. Same with triangular shapes of fruit or berry or pumpkin desserts with a crust... So often you set out to draw something on a page and it barely resembles what you want it to be. (But maybe I'm just used to serving pie on a plate.)

 

I'm happy to listen to other people talk and usually I can avoid the awkwardness of having to talk by just asking questions. As a bonus, most people like it when you are interested in them, but, thanks to these guests on the Ten Percent Happier podcast, I've learned that asking questions can be a subtle way of controlling the conversation... (From Episode 494: How to Speak Clearly, Calmly and Without Alienating People.)

(Dan Clurman) Sometimes people think that asking questions is the same exact thing as reflecting, and there is a difference, and I think that's important to understand, is that questions are very useful and can be certainly a helpful part of conversations. We distinguish reflecting from questions in that questions often contain what the person who's asking the questions think would be valuable for the other person to talk about. So in a certain sense, questions in their own way direct the other person who's speaking down a particular path that the listener thinks would be useful to talk about, which might be the case, or might not be the case.

(Mudita Nisker) Yes, they're both ways of getting information, of soliciting more information, reflective listening often has a gentler feel than questioning. Questioning can sometimes seem like interrogation and people might not like that and it might have the opposite effect on them, they might close up rather than open up.

 

Winter's coming... We've had glorious fall weather so far, but who can deny the delight of those magical snowfalls? (From The Saturdays by Elizabeth Enright, p 60)

The world was completely transformed: snow had been falling furiously for more than three hours, and still was. Drifts were piled high along the sidewalk, the air was dense with flakes, and Rush felt happy: this was the best snowstorm of the winter. He pushed his way past the people who were waiting for cars and taxis, turned up his collar and went out into the blizzard. In no time at all his feet were soaking wet and he loved it. He took a long time going home and made a great many detours. In the side streets the air rang with a noise of scraping as men cleared the sidewalks. All other sounds were furred with quiet by the snow; the hoots of boats came muffled from the river, cars passed noiselessly, and people walked without a sound in the feathery dusk.

That poor woman

That poor woman standing there behind the big black ballot machine, taking my folder with the paper and my inked-in choices for mayor and councillors.... she told me to wait and I didn't know why right away until she pointed to the tiny bright screen, and I looked at her because there was nothing else to do and took in her blond hair and crinkles around her eyes and polished long fingernails and jewelled finger and asked her if she'd got a papercut yet. She was friendly because she was a volunteer and said no and the machine we were exchanging over delivered a green checkmark and so I wished her luck and left.

Christian was at the door and said he'd asked her if the machine had jammed yet and that she'd said no and that he'd said you never know, it could happen, in that teasing way he delivers jokes with that giant million-watt smile that is nothing of a politician's, but just the nice way he is.

And so, reconvened on the way to the truck in the parking lot we laughed about how that poor woman must thing we had such a doomed outlook on life...

A word on the word community

I don’t know if this happens to you, but sometimes a single word will plunk itself down amid the furniture in my brain, and just like any new thing, it’ll grab my attention and I’ll notice it each time I walk by. For the last little while, it’s been the word “community”. Did it start with Brené Brown’s Atlas of the Heart? Maybe… See, she talks about belonging:

Our neural, hormonal, and genetic makeup support interdependence over independence. He [John Cacioppo] explains, "To grow into an adulthood for a social species, including humans, is not to become autonomous and solitary, it's to become the one on whom others can depend. Whether we know it or not, our brain and biology have been shaped to favour their outcome." Of course we're a social species. That's why connection matters. It's why shame is so painful and debilitating. It's why we're wired for belonging. (p. 179)

Malcolm Gladwell’s podcast Revisionist History just finished a season with a series of episodes on the Minnesota Starvation Experiment and the final episode (The Mennonite National Anthem) makes a poignant point about a person’s sense of community and how it can be disrupted by the denial of a basic need:

[About Lester Glick:] "He is just one of the kindest most gracious people but as he writes about his experience, he writes about getting really angry, angry with the officials in charge because they've taken away his allotment of bread, you know, he's no longer getting the two slices he thought he was going to get because he's not losing weight fast enough." Back when Lester Glick was working at the state mental hospital in Michigan, he wrote with pride about the connections he made with patients who could not speak. He loved to work with patients and help them. But now in his hunger, he was becoming isolated, anti-social. He started to dislike the company of his fellow guinea pigs.  "And so there is this separation that starts to take place, this breakdown in relations that is not at all in keeping with the real Lester Glick, but was the new malnourished Lester Glick who was separated from all the people around him." He understands that what it means to be hungry is not a momentary physiological deficit; it is a profound and overwhelming deprivation on every level. "Yeah. It's a deep isolation and an isolation that goes against the building up of community that he's been a part of since childhood, that church community, the family community that shaped who he was in the most basic ways."

Having read that, does it seem like an obvious conclusion? Maybe. But the thing with a word that stands out, is that you start to notice it in different contexts. Oh look, you say (to yourself), there it is over there! It looks different in that place!

This is from the podcast Invisibilia, on an episode called Power Tools, where the guest, Peter Belmi, discusses a class he attended where the professor taught Machiavellian-type tactics for gaining power in the work place and how it conflicted with his upbringing:

"In a working-class environment, where there's lots of threats, lots of uncertainty, everybody has to coordinate because doing so helps us survive as a group. And so people learn in those contexts that what it means to be a good person is to be sensitive to the needs of other people, to see yourself as connected to others." This tracks with social science that shows that by contrast, people from wealthier backgrounds are taught to value focusing on themselves. "We don't need others as much in order to survive, and so what it means to be a good person is to pursue your own identity, to figure out how you're unique compared to others.”

How nice, you might think, how charming… But wait! Here is the idea of community again, but this time, in the concrete functioning of society! It’s Roman Mars, (episode 508 here) explaining to former President Bill Clinton why not being able to pop the hood and fix your own car isn’t such a bad thing…

There's also a beauty in other people doing it better and you just kind of trusting in that. That is how we build a society. So the world […] has to be an ecosystem of things we know and control and there's individual agency and liberty and things like this and then you have to like, fall into the warm embrace of a designed world that people have thought of and their expertise is present and maybe you don't understand it and hopefully we're engaged enough in the civic society that you trust those things. And I think that that's super inspiring, like I love the things we create together, collectively.

And then, there’s this last quote, which isn’t exactly about community, really, but it’s this touching idea about the small human action it takes to foster this usually-grandiose ideal. It’s an action so small it can be overlooked and dismissed… it doesn’t win prizes, it’s not the kind of generosity journalists look to profile. And yet, its small size betrays the effort it took, and takes, and will take, to build and maintain this kind of goodness. It comes at the end of a piece by the Guardian, read on their podcast The Audio Long Read, titled “‘Farmed’: why were so many Black children fostered by white families in the UK?”.

I have to accept my parents for who they are (...) my mom has been gone for awhile now, but I still speak to my dad. He's 90, has other wives and other children, so I need to take away my prejudices about that, forgive and just deal with him as he is. He's an old man, so I'm going to do what I can for him and I'm not going to have any malice about it because that means I haven't truly let go.

Isn’t that amazing? I can’t help but feel in awe of that person’s example. Mason Currey in his latest newsletter included a quote from Virgina Woolf which seems to capture the sentiment I feel reading this.

I’m thinking here of a favorite Virginia Woolf line, in which she praised the Irish novelist George Moore for “eking out a delicate gift laboriously.”

A morning in Steinbach

Friday morning I took a friend for a medical procedure outside the city. It was dark and cold when I woke up at 5:00 and showered, and put on the clothes I laid out the night before. It was dark 20 minutes later when I locked my house and travelling to hers, lined up the truck with the early birds at traffic lights.

In darkness we drove to Steinbach’s hospital where I dropped her off. It was the still-cold morning after the season’s first hard frost. Cold fall mornings remind me of France, where I stayed a month the first time I left home. Dark mornings remind me of my dad who sometimes brought me along on trips when he was a trucker. (I remember one time when the headlights of his immense cab shone into the car opposite as he turned left at an intersection. The wide turn needed for the long trailer my dad was pulling startled the man whose eyes grew wide and he reflexively pushed back in his driver’s seat.)

I notice I'm getting older, a cliché statement that nonetheless belies the comfort of growing self-knowledge. In my twenties, this kind of small event was all exclamation-pointed single words: possibilities! exploration! In my thirties, it's full sentences with commas and periods: "Let's see what I could reasonably do in Steinbach between 7 and 10 on a Friday." In my twenties, expectations could be wildly unrealistic and took the form of over-scheduling or imagining I could easily wake-up with different preferences than the ones I usually had. In my late thirties, I'm a person who doesn't mind assembling a day of good habits in a different order. My twenties would have thought "Good habits? Why! Steinbach is a whole new place! Let’s eat a cinnamon bun for breakfast?" Now, avidity seems tiresome.

Therefore, I took my good habits to Steinbach. I walked 45 minutes, just like I would have done at home (minus the dog). I found a local spot and ordered toast and coffee and ate the toast with peanut butter, just like I would have done at home.

And you know what? The delight of this was so off-the-charts as to have prompted me to try to explain it here. I walked, like I like to walk at home and the surprise of the change of scenery, this one little variable, had twice the effect on my happiness as having aimed for something more extraordinary. And that toast and coffee? Its simplicity afforded me double the satisfaction for having checked off a healthy breakfast than the passing satisfaction of having picked something deliciously sweeter. It buoyed the morning's peregrinations, like a calm reassurance.

The frost-tinged grass sparkled with a million diamond rainbows under the freshly rising sun. The small forest on either side of the paved pathway was one tableau after another of fall still-lifes.

Breakfast provided a change of scene and a window on a different view, brown wood chairs that have backs that curve around into armrests, kitchen noises and chatter you can eavesdrop on. An older local man complimented my parallel park that he'd observed from the window. I browsed the small grocery store and bakery and picked cranberry sauce for Thanksgiving and canned tomatoes for that night's soup.

All of this could have been a series of pictures, titled, “my morning in Steinbach”, but I don't know how I could have fit on my phone that funny fifteen minutes when I parked in the sun behind the local thrift store and bided the time to its opening by reading the first 21 pages of the French novel my friend loaned me, wherein the protagonist is left her Grandmother's mysterious dresser containing ten painted drawers, all stuffed with locked-up lifetime souvenirs. Nothing can quite prime you for hoping for a lucky find at a second-hand store, but when I looked up from my book, a line had formed and was continuing to form of locals; a man with no hair but a long gray beard and his wife in a motorized wheel-chair, and two women with their toddler, and an old lady with a cloth bag, all having woken up that morning, and put on their pants and holding a similar hope.

But the only thing I trusted my phone to capture, (for the diamonds on the grass or the fall tableaux in the crisp air would have killed its frail battery-life) was the name and look of a pastry I'd never heard of before.

Happiness is ordinary.

A weekend at Riding Mountain

This summer, we booked a weekend away at a small cabin near Riding Mountain National Park. Riding Mountain draws campers, resort-goers, and people with boats. Cabins come in all varieties… ours had pretty sunsets over a lake, and foggy still mornings.

Visiting Wasagaming with its population of tourists made us feel touristy too. We stopped in shops, spent time at the visitor center and made allowance for treats: ice cream and beavertails in the evening; cinnamon buns from The Whitehouse at lunch.

We stopped at picturesque spots and at a Wishing Well, a stranger offered to take our family’s picture.

We spent a warm afternoon at Frith Beach with our chairs perched on a narrow strip of pretty pebbles, while the lake’s clear water made it especially fun for the boys to wear their goggles. Cedric even caught a crayfish!

Have you noticed Enzo? He was with us all the time…

I liked the evening walks along the lakeshore, the lake-life vibe, the little unit we make.

Reading list: Pictures from an Institution by Randall Jarrell

How to start: Randall Jarrell’s book is full of humour… The quotes are all like shorter or longer jokes.

Quotes: They both sounded a little too hearty, but they knew that one necessarily sounds that way in such circumstances: who comments on the weather with all the lack of interest that he really feels? (p 14)

How can we expect novelists to be moral, when their trade forces them to treat every end they meet as no more than an imperfect means to a novel? The President was such invaluable material that Gertrude walked around and around him rubbing up and down against his legs, looking affectionately into the dish of nice fresh mackerel he wore instead of a face; and the dish looked back, uneasy, unsuspecting. (p 16-7)

But it was foolish of him even to want to try: he possessed, and would possess until he died, youth's one elixir, Ignorance; he drank each day long draughts from the only magic horn, Belief. (p 25)

My wife and I drove by for Constance. Before we got her we were a youngish - we would have said - couple going out to dinner; after our first look we sighed, and saw stretching before us a short, safe, uneventful pathway to the grave. It was like having the moon get into our car, the new moon: we looked at each other by her thoughtless light. (p 44-5)

...and after a moment he smiled at something he said, and I smiled back, relishing as I always did the little crinkles in the skin around his eyes. But when he stopped smiling the crinkles did not go: they were wrinkles, now. (p 39-40)

As I looked I appreciated - and not for the first time - what a gift for decoration Gertrude had: she and Sidney had gone into a bare apartment and after a few days had got it looking barer. (p 46)

Nothing spoils malice like explanation. (p 49)

At first President Robbins talked a little stiffly and warily, but then he warmed to himself. He liked to say: "The secret of good conversation is to talk to a man about what he's interested in." This was his Field Theory of Conversation. He always found out what your field was (if you hadn't had one I don't know what he would have done; but this had never happened) and then talked to you about it. After a while he had told you what he thought about it, and he would have liked to hear what you thought about it, if there had been time. (p 51)

...she was so thin you could have recognized her skeleton. (p 52)

...but here he seemed very human and attractive, for he lost his way in his sentence. The sentence was bewildered: it had begun so promisingly, and now had to finish with a lame depicted by the pen of a master. In the classroom, where Dr. Whittaker was almost as much at home as in his study, this would not have happened; there each sentence lived its appointed term, died mourned by its people, and was succeeded by a legitimate heir. (p 58)

Without his sister he would have been in Paradise. But Fern was, as people say, a Little Manager; Fern wanted, as people say, Her Own Way. (That was all she wanted, but it was enough: the Milky Way was small beside Fern's.) This was hard on John, just as it was hard on Dr. Whitaker, on Mrs. Whittaker, on the cocker spaniel, on the turtles in the back yard, even, who dreamed that Something Was Happening as Fern arranged them in a pile with a better shape to it. (p 65)

Outside, the long evening was drawing to its close. Owls caught mice, and fish, and rabbits, and brought them home to their babies; people turned off their television sets and went to bed; people woke, turned over, and went back to sleep; the girls of Benton, their hair in metal hair-curlers, their limbs in ski-pyjamas or black nylon nightgowns, slept like dormice, their mouths open to the big soft stars. (p 69)

This would not have happened if I had been a novelist. Then I might have stolen Gertrude's ideas, might have looked at them with a colleague's bright awful eye. But I was only a poet - that is to say, a maker of stone axes - and she felt a real pity for me because of it: what a shame that I hadn't lived back in the days when they used stone axes! And yet, why make them now? Every once in a while she would say to be, "Haven't you ever thought of writing a novel?" I would shake my head and say that my memory was too bad; later I would just say, "That again!" and laugh. She would laugh too, but it puzzled her; finally she dismissed it from her mind, saying to herself - as you do about someone who won't go on relief, or mind the doctor - "Well, he has only himself to blame!"

(...) But sometimes I felt sheepish - felt like a flock of sheep, that is - as Gertrude sheared from me (with barber's clippers that pulled a little) my poor coat of facts, worked over it with knitted brows, and then, smiling like Morgan le Fay, cast over my bare limbs her big blanket conclusions. (p 102)

She was far too sophisticated to speak of Human Nature, Which Never Changes, but her novels spoke for her: they were as suspicious as an old woman, and their suspicions were as easily and as depressingly and as uniformly satisfied. (p 115)

Not every child has, at the age of five, lost a mother; at the age of fourteen, lost a twin sister and a father. This had happened to Constance; or had it? Such events were not in her style of life, which was dreamy absent innocent style. She had been, somehow, sheltered from things; and when she hadn't been she had managed, like a sleepwalker, to shelter herself from them without ever seeming to. Later on what she knew already would recur to Constance, and this time it would be transmuted: life is, so to speak, the philosopher's stone that turns knowledge into truth. (p 157)

There is no good resting-place between Man and men: to say that someone is typically anything is an unfavourable judgement, and even the oddest of foreigners cannot help seeming to us, in some ways, typically foreign. We despair of any nationality except our own, and we don't despair of it only because we don't take it seriously - we know that, at bottom, Americans are just people, a little more so than any foreigner ever manages to be; didn't Adam and Eve and the snake speak to each other in Standard American? (p 187)

They were, in the first place, what they seemed to be, just as a beautiful woman in an evening dress is first of all what she seems to be. But underneath her dress, on one side of her stomach, is the scar of an operation for appendicitis; some of the skin below it, of the skin along her thighs, has a grained or marbly look - this came from the strain of childbirth; and her teeth would not be so regular and magnificent as they are if she had not worn braces on them, an unwilling child. There is a reality behind the outer reality; it is no more real than the other, both are as real as real can be, but it is different. (p 190)

She saw the worst: it was, indeed, her only principle of explanation. Consequently she seemed to most people a writer of extraordinary penetration - she appealed to the Original La Rochefoucauld in everybody. People looked up to her just as they looked up to all those who know why everything is as it is: because of munitions makers, the Elders of Zion, agents of the Kremlin, Oedipus complexes, the class struggle, Adamic sin, something; these men can explain everything, and we cannot. People who were affectionate, cheerful, and brave - and human too, all too human - felt in their veins the piercing joy of understanding, of pure disinterested insight, as they read Gertrude's demonstration that they did everything because of greed, lust, and middle-class hypocrisy. She told them that they were very bad and, because they were fairly stupid, they believed her. (p 199)

Mrs. Robbins was always one to apologize, necessarily or unnecessarily, and you could see how she felt: it was a pity to leave unused for even an hour a Sorry! so superior as hers. (246-7)

But mostly he talked about great books - about a hundred of them; I don't know why he stopped at a hundred, but he did, and let the rest go; he must have made up his mind that it was no use trying to get people to read more than a hundred. (p 252)

Mr. Daudier had a queer look on his face, as if he were a box of mixed nuts, but mostly peanuts; but you could see that he agreed with this remark down to the last cell of his toenails. (p 254)

Tangential: My daughter and I read Animal Family together earlier this month, also written by Jarrell. She remarked how she liked the way he wrote… Indeed, reading the short story, one can feel the poetry. So charming to also find in the book illustrations by Maurice Sendak!

Another five

  1. One should never draft a post without saving it as a draft on Squarespace. I write from fresh heartbreak - may you benefit from the advice and the consequent concision.

  2. Descriptions of trust are touching. Here's one from Camila, a character in the novel Daisy and the Six: "If I've given the impression that trust is easy—with your spouse, with your kids, with anybody you care about—if I've made it seem like it's easy to do... then I've misspoken. It's the hardest thing I've ever have to do. (...) But you have nothing without it. Nothing meaningful at all. That's why I chose to do it. Over and over and over. Even when it bit me in the ass. And I will keep choosing it until the day I die." Another from Gretchen Rubin's Little Happier podcast here.

  3. I was tickled to hear Malcolm Gladwell disparage the marathon on No Such Thing As A Fish (episode 438). Consider me determined to never add it to my bucket list.

  4. I don't disparage exercise... Christian and I have started taking neighbourhood bike rides on weekend evenings and had our mental maps of the city completely blown up. Once we startled twin fawns running across the road to suckle their mama standing on the other side. Five raccoon heads noted our arrival at Elizabeth Dafoe Library and immediately disappeared behind the low concrete bed wall one twilight evening. Grant Peterson's Just Ride is a "hey, relax" kind of book on the subject of bike riding.

  5. I made snowball-sized meringues this week, that were more like mini pavlovas, the difference being that meringue should be dry all the way through and pavlovas can have a pillowy soft center. I've learned lots trying to make meringues for the first time for this other recipe: Nigella's Meringue Gelato Cake with Chocolate Sauce. I've had to learn lots because meringues don't seem very common here in the middle of Canada.